Ownership, Title & Legal

A narrow statutory route under which qualifying investment and ministerial permission may allow limited residential land ownership.

The combined registered floor area of all condominium units in a building. Thailand uses this area—not the number of units—to calculate the foreign ownership quota.

A person or company treated as foreign under Thai law. The exact meaning can depend on the type of transaction.

Rules requiring certain businesses and professionals to report specified transactions to Thailand's Anti-Money Laundering Office.

Internal company rules governing management, meetings and shareholder or director powers.

An older land reservation or pre-emption document that may evidence permission to occupy and develop land.

Enhanced title, boundary and public-land checks for property beside the sea or beach.

The real person who ultimately owns, controls or benefits from a company or property, even if another name appears on paper.

Permission that a promoted business may receive to own land needed for its approved activity.

Ownership of a house or other structure can be separate from ownership of the land underneath it.

An official survey used to identify a parcel's position, dimensions and boundaries for land registration.

Thailand's clearest land title deed, with surveyed boundaries and registered ownership details.

A DBD-issued certificate summarising a company's registered status, directors, capital and signing authority.

Thailand's main law for how condominiums are registered, owned and managed, including the foreign-ownership quota.

The official ownership document for an individual condominium unit.

Due diligence on a company's ownership, funding, control and legal eligibility to own the land it holds.

The Thai government department that keeps company-registration records and provides business information.

The Thai government department responsible for land registration, title records, surveys and registration of many property rights.

The registered rule stating which director or directors can bind a company and whether a company seal is required.

A claim or right attached to a property, such as a mortgage, registered lease or servitude.

A Thai law that limits certain business activities by foreigners and sets rules for licences and approvals.

Official permission for a foreign-owned business to carry out a restricted business activity in Thailand.

Foreigners can collectively own up to 49% of the total registered unit area in a Thai condominium.

A condominium unit registered directly in a foreign buyer's name within the building's foreign ownership quota.

A company or other legal entity treated as foreign for the relevant Thai ownership rule.

Government permission required for the narrow exceptions in which a foreigner may acquire land in Thailand.

A certificate from the condominium management showing the current foreign-owned area and whether a new transfer fits within the foreign quota.

The amount of condominium floor area still available for registration to eligible foreign owners.

A declaration commonly used when a Thai spouse buys land to confirm the purchase funds and ownership belong to the Thai spouse.

Ownership with no fixed end date, unlike a lease that expires after a set period.

An official record of the people registered at a Thai address, commonly called a Tabien Baan.

A permission route for qualifying industrial-estate operators to hold land for authorised operations.

The registration process of combining adjoining land parcels into one parcel or title.

An official marker showing a surveyed corner or boundary point of a land parcel.

A section of Thai land law that generally prevents foreigners from buying land unless a treaty or special legal route allows it.

A rare approval-based exception that may allow a qualifying foreign investor to buy up to one rai of land for a home.

A legal requirement to sell or otherwise dispose of land when a foreign holder is not permitted to retain it.

Compulsory acquisition of land by the state for a public purpose under applicable law.

A limited route under which a foreign statutory heir may seek permission to receive land, subject to Thai land-law conditions.

The local Department of Lands office that keeps property records and registers ownership and other property rights.

A defined piece of land recorded separately in the land-registration system.

The legal and survey process of dividing one land parcel into two or more registered parcels.

A process that may convert eligible lower-status land evidence into a stronger registered land document.

Land with no direct legal access to a public road.

A company formation document stating matters such as its name, objectives and registered capital.

A registered claim over a property used as security for a loan.

Someone whose name is used as a shareholder for another person without being a genuine investor or owner.

A consent document connected with temporary occupation of land and weaker than a full title deed.

A land-use document recognising rights over a parcel, but with boundaries generally less precise than a Chanote or Nor Sor 3 Gor.

A land-use document with surveyed boundaries linked to aerial mapping. It is generally clearer than Nor Sor 3 but is not a Chanote.

Thailand's consumer-protection authority, relevant to regulated property advertising and contract issues.

The portion of company share capital that shareholders have actually paid.

A right based on lawful possession or use of land rather than registered full ownership.

A Department of Lands office serving a province and handling land-registration functions within its authority.

Legally usable access from a property to a public road.

A Thai land-area unit equal to 1,600 square metres.

A right allowing someone to cross another person's land to reach a property or public road.

A registered right over one property for the benefit of another, such as access through a neighbouring parcel.

A filed list showing a Thai company's registered shareholders at a stated date.

ONEP's official system for searching EIA, IEE, EHIA and environmental-monitoring information.

A historical notification of land possession rather than a modern title deed proving full ownership.

A condominium unit held within the Thai ownership portion rather than the foreign quota.

Thailand's online arrival-information form for foreign travellers, known as TDAC.

The unique reference number identifying a registered title deed.

An official property valuation used as a reference in government fee and tax calculations.

Land ownership based on treaty rights recognised by Thai law rather than an ordinary purchase entitlement.

The distinction between permission to stay in Thailand and the separate laws governing ownership of land or condominiums.